Méthodologie : sources, couverture et limites

E-Invoice Map combines public registries, official lists and providers' own pages. This page explains each source, how we use it and where its limits are.

Data sources

Data	Source	How often
Which companies are registered on Peppol	Peppol Directory (OpenPeppol AISBL) participant export [1]	daily
Which access point receives a company's invoices	the public Peppol address registry (SML) and the capability record (SMP) of each participant, plus the access point's certificate	on each lookup; monthly samples for the report
Approved or accredited providers	official lists: Belgium's software list [2], France's approved platforms [3], the UAE's accredited service providers [4], Norway's list of actors, Slovakia's certified providers, Oman's accredited service providers	daily or weekly
Prices, free plans, features	each provider's own website, with the link and the date we checked it	at least monthly

We copy company-level facts only. Names of people, email addresses and phone numbers that appear in some official lists or directory records are dropped when we read them and are never stored or published.

The Peppol lookup

When you type a VAT number, enterprise number or Peppol ID, we turn it into the identifier forms used on Peppol for that country, ask the address registry where the company's capability record lives, read that record and the access point's certificate, and show the operator of the access point. We show provider data only: never company names or contact details. Only certificates from the current Peppol certificate authority count.

The market-share report

• The population is the Peppol Directory export, mapped to countries by identifier scheme ^[1].
• Countries with up to 25,000 identifiers are measured in full each month; larger countries on a stratified random sample of about 11,000 companies, with 95% confidence intervals.
• A share is a share of companies, not of invoices: nobody outside the access points can see invoice traffic.
• About 2% of Directory entries are not found in the address registry (1.6% in October 2026); they are left out.

Coverage limits

• Germany is under-represented in the Peppol Directory, and many German businesses exchange e-invoices outside Peppol. German figures are labelled "low coverage".
• France: the national directory of the e-invoicing reform (annuaire) is protected by a CAPTCHA and its API is open to approved platforms only. We therefore measure French providers only among companies reachable on Peppol. Platforms that exchange outside Peppol are invisible to us.
• Companies not published in the Directory cannot be sampled, even if they are registered on Peppol.
• Prices change. Every price shows the date we checked it; the provider's page is always the reference.

Attribution and data use

Participant data: Peppol Directory (OpenPeppol AISBL). We publish aggregated figures only and never redistribute raw Directory exports. "Peppol" is used as a descriptive term only; E-Invoice Map is not affiliated with OpenPeppol, any tax authority or any provider.

Corrections

If something is wrong, tell us with Report a problem, linked at the bottom of every page. We fix sourced corrections and note the date.